I had an awesome gig about three weeks ago to shoot a story about illiteracy for The Wall Street Journal. The news peg was about Barnes and Noble closing their B. Dalton bookstore, making Laredo the largest city in the US without a bookstore. This reflects a multitude of issues primarily including the state of the economy and literacy along the border. Laredo’s location as a border town presents a unique view into immigration politics as well as the English-Spanish dichotomy facing any immigrant to the US.
I was excited to be working with photo editor Taylor Umlauf and we immediately saw the potential for a larger story. My pitch was to work it into a longer piece extending beyond the closing of the book store. I had four days in Laredo and realized after day one that I would need more time.
Laredo is quite the town. When I arrived, I had two hours before my first meeting. After checking into the cheapest hotel I could find (the Loma Alta), I briefly walked around the closest three blocks to my hotel. Amidst the many Mexican pottery import stores and mechanic shops adorned with signage brightly painted in Spanish with Mexican motifs and iconography, I forgot I was in the US. For my first two days in Laredo, I did not see another white person and did not hear English. Needless to say, it was great to feel like I was out of the country again…and refreshing to find a community like this in the US.
The problem with shooting such a wide ranging story in four days is that you can’t possibly understand all the dynamics that come into play and expect to know why Laredo has such low literacy. I met many interesting characters and was able to establish a base for further exploration. I feel that the combination of the economy, Laredo’s location on the border, the overwhelming majority of Spanish speakers and the culture of non-reading all mix to prevent reading from progressing.
Not all was bad. I spent some time at an elementary school, where students had written letters to corporate headquarters asking to keep their book store. These kids were smart and more than impressed me with their bi-lingual abilities and outgoing personalities. The problem became clear after talking to the kids for a short while. It isn’t that they can’t read, as much as their parents are not English speakers. Kids speak Spanish at home and leave their English at school. I believe this lies at the heart of the issue and presents a clear clue as to why illiteracy remains so high. Parents are often first generation immigrants to the US and simply don’t have a need for English in their everyday life.
I did find an adult ESL class studying English. It was in conjunction with a US history class to prepare for the citizenship exam. Many of the people I spoke with mentioned the desire to help their children with homework as a primary reason for taking the free class held at a local high school.
I connected with one particular family and spent a day with them. They were exemplary of everything I have mentioned. The mother was Mexican and the father was from the US. They own an apartment complex in Laredo, but like most Americans, have been facing tough times in the past year. In addition, they have two children ages 9 and 11. The mother is participating, out of her own will, in the adult literacy class. Not only does she desperately want to help with her children’s studies, but she will be taking over the day to day operations of the apartment complex as her husband find another job. She was a banker back in Mexico, but has had trouble in the US due to the language barrier. I really felt bad for this family. They were so nice and really seem to be struggling. I am sure the mother’s English will be great…I am hoping their economic situation improves. (I did not use their names, as their photos have not yet been published. You will have to wait for a future post.)
I met a man who had lit a fire in an abandoned cantina because his home had not heating. At first, I didn’t know how this would fit in the story. It became clear…he has lived in this country for several years and has trouble finding work. He speaks little English. Seems to top off the story.
The plan was to create a four part series online using all the elements I shot and the over three hours of audio recordings I made. Luck would have it that the Associated Press ran an article on the bookstore a day after I finished shooting and drove the article to publish early. We had to scrap two parts of the story including the one involving the family. I was still very pleased with the six column picture they used on A3 as well as the two slide shows.
Check out the article written by Stephanie Simon found on the Wall Street Journal site. The also ran a short audio slide show featuring some of the kids I photographed and made a nice update to their Photo Blog.
***I want to write an update to address several comments and thoughts regarding this post. People have expressed concern over this issue and suggest that I was presenting negative impressions of Laredo. I would like to point out that I never spoke poorly of Laredo and continue to feel that I had a great time and found the community very welcoming. Any negative perceptions regarding West Laredo do not come from me. Others have suggested that my post is one sided. This story was never meant to generalize Laredo as a city in general. It is a story specifically regarding illiteracy in a city ranked with the lowest literacy rate in the country. I invite people to offer their opinions as to why Laredo has trouble with literacy. We did make a point to talk about the many bi-lingual classes and other aspects which Laredo can be proud of. In addition, I would like to point out that I did not write the article which was published in The Wall Street Journal. I welcome criticism and enjoy the dialogue. I look forward to hearing more comments. Thanks, Matt
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